Trabajo metodológico interdisciplinario en la carrera de Medicina

Introducción: El trabajo interdisciplinario busca derribar barreras existentes entre las diversas disciplinas, para que puedan interactuar entre sí, de manera regulada, bajo directrices, metodologías y procedimientos, buscando alcanzar un propósito. El objetivo del estudio fue sistematizar evidencias científicas sobre el trabajo metodológico interdisciplinario en la Carrera de Medicina. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática, utilizando como fuentes de información la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud Regional (BVS) y el motor de búsqueda Google académico. La búsqueda se realizó entre los años 2018 al 2022. Se usaron descriptores, palabras claves y ecuaciones de búsquedas. Resultados: Se encontraron 363 artículos y se seleccionaron los que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión, quedando un total de 7 artículos seleccionados, en los que se encontraron aspectos importantes sobre las dificultades existentes en el trabajo metodológico interdisciplinario entre las disciplinas Bases Biológicas y Principal Integradora en la carrera medicina. Conclusiones: existen problemas en lograr la integración interdisciplinar entre las disciplinas Bases Biológicas y Principal Integradora de la carrera de medicina. Todo esto incrementa la necesidad de crear un conjunto de acciones para fortalecer el trabajo metodológico interdisciplinario entre las asignaturas estudiadas, en función de formar un estudiante integral.

Introduction: Interdisciplinary work seeks to break down existing barriers between the various disciplines, so that they can interact with each other, in a regulated manner, under guidelines, methodologies and procedures in order to achieve a purpose. The objective of the study was to systematize scientific evidence on interdisciplinary methodological work in the Medical Career. Material and methods: A systematic review was carried out using the Regional Virtual Health Library (VHL) and the Google Scholar search engine as sources of information. The search was carried out between the years 2018 and 2022. Descriptors, keywords, and search equations were used. Results: A total of 363 articles were found and those that met the inclusion criteria were selected, leaving a total of 7 articles selected, in which important aspects of the existing difficulties in interdisciplinary methodological work between the Biological Bases and Main Integrative disciplines were found in the medical career. Conclusions: There are problems in achieving interdisciplinary integration between the Biological Bases and the Main Integrative disciplines of the medical career. All this increases the need to create a set of actions to strengthen the interdisciplinary methodological work between the subjects studied, in order to form a well-rounded student.

Epistemología de la investigación social / Epistemology of social research

INTRODUCCIÓN. La epistemología, rama de la filosofía que estudia el proceso de investigación y su producto el conocimiento científico, implica ámbitos de la ciencia con enfoque positivismo y postpositivismo, interpretativismo, teoría crítica; y, transcomplejo, cada uno de ellos con los elementos paradigmáticos de: ontología, epistemología y metodología, su conocimiento y aplicabilidad en los diferentes ámbitos es fundamental porque sus enfoques generan ciencia. OBJETIVO. Desarrollar capacidades intelectuales en bases contextuales y teóricas en epistemología de la investigación social, indispensables para el ejercicio profesional en el ámbito de la investigación científica y del conocimiento científico. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, con población y muestra conocida de 30 modalidades de publicación, periodo junio a julio 2020. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: fuentes secundarias de información bibliográfica validadas en el ámbito de las ciencias sociales. La técnica de observación fue en buscadores bibliográficos PUBMED, Scielo, Scopus, Diccionario de Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud y la Real Academia Española. La tarea de revisar la literatura de investigación comprendió la identificación, selección, análisis crítico, descripción escrita, interpretación, discusión y conclusión de la información que existe sobre la epistemología de la investigación social, tema, que se registró con aplicación de un gestor de referencias bibliográficas, tipo Microsoft Word. RESULTADOS. Se logró obtener capacidades intelectuales al estructurar la cronológica de la epistemología de la investigación social, del conocimiento científico y nuevas perspectivas para el ejercicio profesional en el ámbito de la investigación científica. CONCLUSIÓN. Las perspectivas se orientan a integrar paradigmas pasados y futuros con visión de transcomplejidad, espacios organológicos de una gran red, conformación de cibercomunidades de investigación, uso de método integrador, nuevo lenguaje en equipos multidisciplinarios, agentes como el foco principal de la teoridad epistémica en espacio, tiempo y la relación entre las cosas.

INTRODUCTION. Epistemology, a branch of philosophy that studies the research process and its product, scientific knowledge, involves areas of science focussed in with positivism and postpositivism, interpretivism, critical theory; and, transcomplex, each one of them with the paradigmatic elements of: ontology, epistemology and methodology, their knowledge and applicability in the different fields is fundamental because their approaches generate science. OBJECTIVE. Develop intellectual capacities on contextual and theoretical bases in the epistemology of social research, essential for professional practice in the field of scientific research and scientific knowledge. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Observational, descriptive study, with population and a known sample of 30 publication modalities, period June to July 2020. The inclusion criteria were: secondary sources of bibliographic information validated in the field of social sciences. The observation technique was in bibliographic search engines PUBMED, Scielo, Scopus, Dictionary of Descriptors in Health Sciences and the Royal Spanish Academy. The task of reviewing the research literature included the identification, selection, critical analysis, written description, interpretation, discussion and conclusion of the information that exists on the epistemology of social research, subject, which was registered with the application of a reference manager bibliographic, Microsoft Word type. RESULTS. Intellectual capacities were obtained by structuring the chronology of the epistemology of social research, scientific knowledge and new perspectives for professional practice in the field of scientific research. CONCLUSION. The perspectives are aimed at integrating past and future paradigms with a vision of transcomplexity, organological spaces of a large network, formation of research cyber communities, use of integrative method, new language in multidisciplinary teams, agents as the main focus of epistemic theory in space, time and the relationship between things.

Política interministerial para la investigación, transferencia y fortalecimiento de la salud en territorio, una experiencia federal / Interministerial Policy for Research, Transfer and Strengthening of Health in the Territory, a Federal Experience

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: En marzo de 2023, en el marco del "Convenio Marco de Cooperación y Asistencia Técnica Mutua - MSAL/MINCYT", se creó el "Proyecto Federal Interministerial de Investigación, Transferencia y Fortalecimiento para la Salud en Territorio". El objetivo fue presentar un proceso de trabajo innovador entre dos ministerios, que sienta las bases para configurar un modelo de gestión de las políticas de investigación en salud con asiento federal y tendiente a potenciar las funciones y capacidades institucionales de cada sector. MÉTODOS: La coordinación del Proyecto se encuentra a cargo de un Comité Interministerial. En 2023 se realizó la Convocatoria para la presentación de un proyecto anual, que consta de dos componentes: A) Línea de investigación y transferencia; y B) Plan de fortalecimiento de las capacidades institucionales de las áreas de investigación de los ministerios de salud jurisdiccionales agrupadas en la Red Ministerial de Áreas de Investigación en Salud de Argentina. RESULTADOS: Las 24 jurisdicciones presentaron sus proyectos, y todos ellos resultaron aprobados. La estrategia tuvo un impacto en el fortalecimiento de los mecanismos de trabajo conjunto de dos ministerios nacionales, que debieron armonizar modalidades de gestión entre las áreas de investigación en salud y las representaciones de CyT en el ámbito jurisdiccional y entre los decisores en materia sanitaria y los actores del sistema científico. DISCUSIÓN: Esta experiencia contribuye a fortalecer las capacidades estatales, a la vez que permite identificar aspectos que requieren continuar siendo trabajados para consolidar nuevas modalidades de gestión interministeriales.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: In March 2023, within the framework of the "Framework Agreement for Cooperation and Mutual Technical Assistance - MSAL/MINCYT", the "Federal Interministerial Project of Research, Transfer and Strengthening for Health in the Territory" was created. The objective was to present an innovative work process between the Ministry of Health (MSAL) and the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MINCYT), that lays the foundations for a management model of health research policies with a federal approach and aimed at enhancing the institutional functions and capacities of each sector. METHODS: The Project was coordinated by an Interministerial Committee. In 2023 there was a Call for the presentation of an annual project that consists of two components: A) Line of research and transfer; and B) Plan to strengthen the institutional capacities of the research areas of the jurisdictional health ministries grouped in REMINSA. RESULTS: The 24 jurisdictions presented their projects, and all of them were approved. The strategy strengthened the joint work mechanisms of two national ministries, that had to harmonize management patterns between health research areas and S&T representations at the jurisdictional level and between health decision-makers and the actors of the scientific system. DISCUSSION: This experience contributes to strengthening state capacities, while allowing to identify aspects that require continued work to reinforce new interministerial management patterns.

Implementación de una jornada virtual de telesalud y capacitación masiva para personas mayores chilenas y estudiantes de la salud. Impacto en la cobertura / Implementation of a virtual telehealth course for Chilean older adults and health students

Background: Aging increases the vulnerability to diseases and environmental changes such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth and tele-education are vital to prevent the deleterious effects of prolonged confinement, and to train the community, and constantly rotating medical students and health professionals. Aim: To assess the perception and impact of an online course about healthy aging aimed at the community and health care professionals. Material and Methods: An open online one-day course to promote healthy aging was carried out. A cross-sectional online survey about the course was answered by 386 attendants and a knowledge test was applied to 114 people. Results: Seventy-five percent of respondents attended the course synchronously. Of these, 79% were women, 20% were older people and 53% were caregivers of an older person. All respondents acquired new knowledge and were willing to participate again. The frequency of interest about self-care is three times greater than about caring for another person, In an older person, the interest is 101 more times about self-care than caring for another person. Ninety five percent of respondents felt more active and 84% felt more accompanied. Conclusions: The course facilitated access to information on the promotion of active and healthy aging in the community with a favorable perception and a positive impact. The coverage for older people with a digital gap should be improved.

Desarrollo de habilidades de investigación en estudiantes y profesores de Salud Pública

Introducción: La investigación es fundamental en la formación académica de los estudiantes de la carrera de Medicina. Objetivo: Identificar habilidades de investigación en estudiantes y profesores del departamento de Salud de la carrera de Medicina. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo durante 2023 en el Policlínico Docente Tula Aguilera. Participaron un total de 50 estudiantes de quinto año de la carrera de Medicina que cursaron la asignatura Salud Pública, 15 profesores y 60 personas seleccionadas al azar. Se elaboró una encuesta dirigida a los profesores y estudiantes para identificar deficiencias en las investigaciones. A las 60 personas seleccionadas de manera aleatoria, se les realizó otra encuesta relacionada con infecciones de transmisión sexual. Los datos obtenidos fueron determinados por el programa R los estadígrafos de tendencia central y dispersión, así como la frecuencia absoluta y relativa que se presentaron en tabla y texto. Resultados: Se entrevistaron 50 estudiantes durante el mes de febrero de 2023, se detectaron y detallaron las deficiencias encontradas, igualmente y con el mismo fin se entrevistaron 15 profesores del Departamento de Salud. En otra actividad, el 10 de abril un grupo de 25 estudiantes encuestó a 60 personas sobre las enfermedades de transmisión sexual y reportaron sus hallazgos. Conclusiones: Se identificó el desarrollo de habilidades de investigación en estudiantes y profesores, se profundiza en el tema para lograr una intervención efectiva. Fue posible que los estudiantes llevaran a efecto una investigación en las que aplicaron las habilidades necesarias para esta actividad. Los cursos presenciales y virtuales se enriquecieron con el trabajo.

Introduction : Research is fundamental to the academic training of medical students. Objective: To identify research skills in students and professors of Public Health in the medical degree. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out during 2023 at the University of Medical Sciences of Camagüey and at the Tula Aguilera Teaching Polyclinic. A total of 50 fifth-year medical students who studied public health and their 15 professors and 60 randomly selected people from the communities of the Tula Aguilera Teaching Polyclinic participated. A survey of teachers and students was carried out. A survey related to sexually transmitted infections was carried out on 60 randomly selected people in the community of the Tula Aguilera Teaching Polyclinic. The central tendency and dispersion statistics were determined from the data obtained with the R program, as well as the absolute and relative frequencies that are presented in the table and in the text. Results: 50 students were interviewed during the month of February 2023, the deficiencies found are detected and detailed. Similarly, and for the same purpose, 15 professors from the Department of Health were interviewed. In another activity, on April 10th, a group of 25 students surveyed 60 people about sexually transmitted diseases and reported their findings. Conclusions: The development of research skills in students and teachers was identified and the subject is delved into to achieve an effective intervention. It was possible for the students to carry out an investigation in which they applied the necessary skills for this activity. The face-to-face and virtual courses were enriched with this work.

Angle class II/2nd division: is there an alignment? / Classe II/2ª divisão de Angle: existe alinhamento?

Introduction: Interdisciplinary investigative study of the stomatognathic-cervical complex, necessary to understand the structure and biomechanics of this system in Angle Class I and II / 2nd Division participants. Objective: To evaluate alignment and position of cranial cervical structures on radiographs and their functional relationship with the stomatognathic system. Material and method: Trans Oral and Profile radiographs were submitted to biomechanical analysis, considered the linear and angular measurement of Atlas and Axis through the application included in the radiogram software. Result: We observed a significant difference in the angular measurements of vertical alignment between the Skull, Axis, and the Mandible (p = <0.001), and in the left joint between the Atlas and the Axis (AE: p = 0.011; SEA: p = 0.042). Among the linear measures of the distances between the Atlas and the Axis, the AOD distance presented statistics quite close to the level of significance (p = 0.0502), but above. There was no statistically significant difference in the other measures. Conclusion: In this study, the alignment between the Atlas and Axis cervical vertebrae and the mandible and angles of the atlanto-occipital joints are altered in Class II / 2nd Division participants. There is no difference in the size and distance of the Atlas and the Axis between the Classes.

Introdução: Estudo interdisciplinar investigativo do complexo cérvico-estomatognático, necessário para compreender a estrutura e a biomecânica desse sistema em participantes Classe I e II/2ª Divisão de Angle. Objetivo: Avaliar o alinhamento e a posição das estruturas crânio cervicais nas radiografias de participantes Classe I e II/2ª Divisão de Angle e sua relação funcional com o sistema estomatognático. Material e método: As imagens digitais Trans Oral e Perfil de participantes com maloclusão Classe I e II/2ª Divisão de Angle foram submetidas à medição linear e angular do crânio, mandíbula, Atlas e do Áxis através do software Advantage Workstation 4.6 (AW4.6 ext. 04). Resultado: Houve diferença significativa nas medidas angulares de alinhamento vertical entre o Crânio, Áxis e a Mandíbula (p = <0,001), e da articulação esquerda entre o Atlas e o Áxis (AE: p = 0,011; AAE: p = 0,042). Das medidas lineares das distâncias entre o Atlas e o Áxis, a distância AOD apresentou estatística bastante próxima do nível de significância (p=0,0502), porém acima. Não houve diferença significativamente estatística nas demais medidas avaliadas. Conclusão: Neste estudo, o alinhamento entre as vértebras cervicais Atlas e Áxis e a mandíbula e os ângulos das articulações atlanto occipitais se mostraram alterados nos participantes Classe II/2ª Divisão de Angle. Não há diferença significativa no tamanho e distância do Atlas e do Áxis entre as Classes.

Healthy Lifestyle Deck of cards as a tool for cognitive-behavioral therapy in adults with obesity / Baralho do Estilo de Vida como ferramenta da terapia cognitivo-comportamental de adultos com obesidade

This is a mixed-methodology controlled clinical study that assessed the effect of the Health Lifestyle Deck of cards as a Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy tool for obese adults. Method The sample was divided into two groups: Intervention group and Intervention+Deck. The therapy was interdisciplinary handled by psychology, nutrition and physical education professionals, along 12 sessions. The following measures were performed: anthropometric assessment, indicators of binge eating, depression, anxiety and stress, quality of life, self-efficacy for eating habits, and physical activity at the beginning and the end of the intervention. Participants' written and verbal reports' content was analyzed. Results The results were: a reduction in body mass, binge eating, and improvement of self-efficacy to regulate eating habits in both groups. There was an improvement in the psychological domain of quality of life only in the Intervention+Deck group. Conclusion The study concluded that the intervention favored participants' cognitive and behavioral changes.

Este estudo clínico controlado de metodologia mista avaliou o efeito do Baralho do Estilo de Vida como ferramenta da Terapia Cognitivo-comportamental em grupo de adultos com obesidade. Método A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: grupo Intervenção e grupo Intervenção+Baralho. A terapia foi interdisciplinar com profissionais da psicologia, nutrição e educação física e foram realizadas 12 sessões. As avaliações realizadas foram: avaliação antropométrica, indicadores de compulsão alimentar, depressão, ansiedade e estresse, qualidade de vida, autoeficácia para hábito alimentar e atividade física no início e no fim da intervenção. Foi realizada análise de conteúdo dos relatos verbais e por escrito dos participantes. Resultados Neste sentido, verificou-se redução da massa corporal, da compulsão alimentar e melhora da autoeficácia para regular o hábito alimentar nos dois grupos. Houve melhora no domínio psicológico da qualidade de vida apenas no grupo Intervenção+Baralho. Conclusão O estudo concluiu que a intervenção favoreceu mudanças cognitivas e comportamentais dos participantes.

Breast-milk scientific research contributes to improvement of breast milk quality and development of human civilization / 中华围产医学杂志

Breast milk, the product of mammalian evolution, provides infants with not only vital nutrients, but also an array of nourishing contents, including bioactive substances, microorganisms, and cells. Being a crucial stage of reproductive health, breastfeeding serves as the primary means of nutrient absorption during early life. However, the scientific evaluation of its health effects remains inaccurate. The study of breast milk has emerged as a new interdisciplinary research hotspot, offering a new paradigm for explorations in life health, disease prevention, clinical treatment, social ethics, and economic advancement. This paper reviewed and discussed the research progress of breast milk science both domestically and internationally and the gap in between, and proposed a promising perspective for future research and development.

Effects of hospital-family multidisciplinary 5E rehabilitation model on patients with myasthenia gravis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of hospital-family multidisciplinary 5E rehabilitation model on clinical status, athletic ability, respiratory muscle strength, quality of life and psychological states of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG).Methods:This was a quasi-experimental study. According to the convenient sampling method, patients with type 2 MG treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2020 to September 2021 were divided into intervention group and control group. The control group was treated with routine nursing methods, and the intervention group was treated with hospital-family multidisciplinary 5E rehabilitation model for 12 weeks. The effects of intervention were compared by using Myasthenia Gravis Composite (MGC), 6-minute walking test (6MWT), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14), Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life-15(MGQOL-15), Herth Hope Level Scale(HHI) and Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale (SES6C).Results:Repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences between 6MWT score and MGQOL-15 score twelve weeks after intervention, the intervention group scores were (477.95 ± 29.23), (6.25 ± 3.40) points, the control group scores were(435.85 ± 19.82), (9.95 ± 3.22) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t= 4.51, -3.58, both P<0.05). Besides, the differences of MIP, FS-14 score, SES6C score and HHI score were also statistically significant, the intervention group scores were (102.09 ± 19.56), (2.56 ± 1.31), (34.78 ± 8.68), (33.43 ± 6.39) points, the control group scores were (90.85 ± 12.25), (4.65 ± 2.50), (24.15 ± 6.62), (25.90 ± 8.30)points, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -4.46-3.35, all P<0.05). Repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in the time effect and interaction effect of MGQOL-15 score between the two groups ( F=28.28, 22.01, both P<0.05), there were also significant differences in the group effect, time effect, and interaction effect of 6MWT between the two groups ( F=13.94, 8.24, 12.85, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The rehabilitation of patients with MG could be promoted by the hospital-family multidisciplinary 5E rehabilitation model. Detailed research should be further strengthened to lay a foundation for the development of rehabilitation guidelines for patients with MG.

Do macrojogo ao microjogo: os vários jogos que compõem o jogo / From macro-game to micro-game: the various games that make up the game / Del macro-juego al micro-juego: los distintos juegos que componen el juego

Com o presente artigo pretendemos problematizar e explorar o conceito de jogo, entendendo-o como algo amplo, rizomático e não fechado em uma única forma de interpretação. Além do que, o conceito de jogo pode já ter sido cristalizado em decorrência da sua consolidação, assim, seu desenvolvimento só se torna possível na medida em que se há um arruinamento para devir novas potencialidades. Foi, então, a partir dos pensamentos de Deleuze e Guattari sobre: conceito e rizoma, de onde partimos para desenvolver o conceito de macro-jogo e microjogo, em uma tentativa de potencializar as discussões por um viés interdisciplinar e de cunho filosófico. Diante de tais questões, foi possível compreender a importância do olhar interdisciplinar para a resolução de problemas provenientes de áreas distintas do conhecimento, rompendo com a dicotomia entre teoria e prática tão evidente e presente em diversas áreas do conhecimento, entre elas, a Educação Física e as artes

Our intend with this article is to question and explore the concept of game, understanding it as something broad, rhizomatic and not closed in a single form of interpretation. In addition, the game concept may have already been crystallized as a result of its consolidation, thus, its development only becomes possible as long as new potentialities are ruined. It was, then, from the thoughts of Deleuze and Guattari on concept and rhizome, from which we started to develop the concept of macro-game and micro-game, in an attempt to enhance the discussions through an interdisciplinary and philosophical approach. Facing these questions, it was possible to understand the importance of the interdisciplinary look to solve problems coming from different areas of knowledge, breaking the dichotomy between theory and practice so evident and present in several areas of knowledge, including Physical Education and the arts.

Con el presente artículo pretendemos problematizar y explorar el concepto de juego, entendiéndolo como algo amplio, rizomático y no cerrado en una única forma de interpretación. Además, el concepto de juego puede haber sido ya cristalizado como resultado de su consolidación, por lo que su desarrollo sólo se hace posible en la medida en que hay una ruína para idear nuevas potencialidades. Se basó, pues, en las reflexiones de Deleuze y Guattari sobre el concepto y el rizoma, a partir de las cuales desarrollamos el concepto de macro-juego y micro-juego, en un intento de enriquecer los debates mediante un enfoque interdisciplinario y filosófico. Ante estas cuestiones, se pudo comprender la importancia de la mirada interdisciplinaria para resolver los problemas que surgen de las diferentes áreas del conocimiento, rompiendo la dicotomía entre teoría y práctica tan evidente y presente en várias áreas del conocimiento, incluyendo la Educación Física y las artes.

Psicanálise e fonoaudiologia: uma perspectiva interdisciplinar / Psychoanalysis and Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences: an interdisciplinary perspective / Psicoanálisis y terapia del lenguaje: una perspectiva interdisciplinaria

Introdução: A relação interdisciplinar entre Psicanálise e Fonoaudiologia se deu a partir da década de 90, no Brasil, com o objetivo de buscar uma comunicação que compartilhasse questões voltadas ao campo da fala e da linguagem. Objetivo: Verificar, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, o que tem sido publicado sobre a interdisciplinaridade entre Psicanálise e Fonoaudiologia na literatura nacional e internacional. Método: A busca pelos artigos foi realizada a partir dos descritores: "Psicanálise", "Fonoaudiologia", "Psychoanalysis", "Speech Therapy", "Audiology", nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo, BVS, Biblioteca Cochrane, Medline, Ibecs, Pubmed. Resultados: Foram selecionados 10 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2010 e 2020. A análise foi realizada por meio da classificação dos artigos e da categorização dos resultados. Destacaram-se três categorias temáticas para discussão: Constituição psíquica como base para o desenvolvimento e para as alterações de linguagem; Complementariedade epistemológica para a análise das patologias de linguagem e; A contribuição da escuta psicanalítica na clínica fonoaudiológica. Os resultados indicaram uma concentração de publicações sobre a temática pesquisada em periódicos da área da Fonoaudiologia e foram publicados por autores com formação em Fonoaudiologia, Psicologia e Linguística. Em relação à área de atuação da Fonoaudiologia em interface com a Psicanálise a maior prevalência se deu na área de linguagem. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstram a importância da Psicanálise na escuta dos sintomas e alterações fonoaudiológicas, uma vez que estas não se manifestam isoladamente, elas são influenciadas diretamente ou causadas por questões psíquicas do sujeito.

Introduction: The interdisciplinary relationship between Psychoanalysis and Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences started in the '90s in Brazil, intending to seek a communication that shared issues related to the field of speech and language. Objective: To verify, through an integrative literature review, what has been published about the interdisciplinarity between Psychoanalysis and Speech, Language Pathology and Audiology in national and international literature. Method: The search for the articles was realized using the descriptors: "Psicanálise", "Fonoaudiologia", "Psychoanalysis", "Speech Therapy", "Audiology", in the Lilacs, Scielo, VHL, Cochrane Library, Medline, Ibecs, and Pubmed databases. Results: 10 articles published between the years 2010 and 2020 were selected. The analysis was performed through the classification of articles and the categorization of results. Three thematic categories were highlighted for discussion: Psychic constitution as a basis for development and language changes; Epistemological complementarity for the analysis of language pathologies and the contribution of psychoanalytic listening in the speech therapy clinic. The results indicated a concentration of publications on the topic researched in journals in the field of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences and were published by authors trained in Speech Therapy, Psychology, and Linguistics. Regarding the area of ​​performance of Speech Therapy in interface with Psychoanalysis, the highest prevalence was in ​​language. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the importance of Psychoanalysis in listening to symptoms and speech-language disorders, since these do not manifest themselves in isolation; they are directly influenced or caused by the subject's psychic issues.

Introducción: La relación interdisciplinaria entre Psicoanálisis y Fonoaudiología se inició en los años 90 en Brasil, con la intención de buscar una comunicación que compartiera temas relacionados con el campo del habla y el lenguaje. Objetivo: Verificar, através de una revisión integradora de la literatura, lo publicado sobre la interdisciplinariedad entre Psicoanálisis y Fonoaudiología en la literatura nacional e internacional. Métodos: La búsqueda de los artículos se realizó mediante los descriptores: "Psicanálise", "Fonoaudiologia", "Psychoanalysis", "Speech Therapy", "Audiology", en las bases de datos Lilacs, Scielo, BVS, Cochrane Library, Medline, Ibecs y Pubmed. Resultados: se seleccionaron 10 artículos publicados entre los años 2010 y 2020. El análisis se realizó mediante la clasificación de artículos y la categorización de resultados. Se destacaron tres categorías temáticas para la discusión: la constitución psíquica como base para el desarrollo y los cambios del lenguaje; Complementariedad epistemológica para el análisis de patologías del lenguaje y; La contribución de la escucha psicoanalítica en la clínica fonoaudiológica. Los resultados indicaron una concentración de publicaciones sobre el tema investigado en revistas del campo de la Fonoaudiología y fueron publicados por autores formados en Fonoaudiología, Psicología y Lingüística. En cuanto al área de desempeño de la Fonoaudiología en interfaz con el Psicoanálisis, la mayor prevalencia se dio en el área del lenguaje. Conclusión: Los resultados demuestran la importancia del psicoanálisis en la escucha de síntomas y trastornos del habla y el lenguaje, ya que estos no se manifiestan de forma aislada, están directamente influenciados o provocados por los problemas psíquicos del sujeto.

Construction of case management index for acute myocardial infarction based on multidisciplinary collaboration / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct a case management index for acute myocardial infarction based on multidisciplinary collaboration, and to provide guidance for the case management of patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods:From October 2021 to April 2022, a research group with clinical experience was established to initially formulate an index system for acute myocardial infarction case management based on multidisciplinary collaboration after a literature review. After 2 rounds of Delphi expert correspondence, the items of the case management index system were revised according to the opinions of the expert correspondence.Results:Twenty-two experts were interviewed in the first round, and the effective recovery rate of the questionnaire was 95.45%(21/22); in the second round, 21 experts were interviewed, the effective recovery rate of the questionnaire was 100.00%(21/21). The first and the second round of the expert authority coefficient was 0.896 and 0.912, respectively, the coefficient of variation of each item was 0-0.17, Kendall′s coefficient of concordance was 0.20 ( P<0.01), the average importance value of indexes were 4.43-5.00, and the rate of full marks was 38.1%-100.0%. Finally, an acute myocardial infarction case management index system based on multidisciplinary collaboration was established, including 3 primary indexes and 51 secondary indexes. Conclusions:The case management index constructed in this study is scientific and reliable, closely integrated with clinical practice, and has strong clinical practical value.

Speech Therapy and Psychoanalysis: a case study with children with oral language delay / Fonoaudiologia e Psicanálise: estudo de casos com crianças com atraso na linguagem oral

ABSTRACT The present research aims to study the effects of interdisciplinary interventions of Speech Therapy and Psychoanalysis in children with language delay. This is a comparative case study between two groups with quantitative and qualitative analysis, with four children, through the application of the Protocol of Behavioral Observation Protocol pre and post intervention, interviews with parents, records of children's filming during playing and interdisciplinary dialogues among the professionals. The pre-intervention evaluations showed that underage children obtained similarity in aspects that related to communicative skills and functions, cognitive development and toy level. Both groups presented difficulties regarding the alternation of turns. The assessments of older children, in the pre-intervention phase, also indicated similarities in the results. One subject presented a greater difficulty when waiting for his turn in dialogic activity. The results post-interdisciplinary intervention showed a superior improvement compared to the two cases followed only by the speech therapist. The interdisciplinary dialogue made it possible to effectively evolve in the cases of group 2. A psychoanalytic look over the cases that received only speech therapy intervention would allow intervention along with parents, children and school.

RESUMO A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar os efeitos das intervenções interdisciplinares da Fonoaudiologia e da Psicanálise com crianças com atraso na linguagem. Trata-se de um estudo de casos comparativo entre dois grupos com análise quantitativa e qualitativa, com quatro crianças, por meio da aplicação do Protocolo de Observação Comportamental pré e pós-intervenção, entrevistas com os pais, registros das filmagens das crianças durante o brincar e dos diálogos interdisciplinares entre as profissionais. As avaliações pré-intervenções mostraram que as crianças de menor idade obtiveram similaridade nos aspectos que se referiam às habilidades e funções comunicativas, desenvolvimento cognitivo e nível do brinquedo. Ambas as crianças apresentaram dificuldades quanto à alternância de turnos. As avaliações das crianças com idade mais elevada, na fase pré-intervenção, também indicaram semelhanças nos resultados. Um sujeito apresentou maior dificuldade quanto a aguardar o seu turno na atividade dialógica. Os resultados pós-intervenção interdisciplinar apresentaram uma melhora superior aos dois casos acompanhados somente pela fonoaudióloga. O diálogo interdisciplinar possibilitou a evolução de forma efetiva nos casos do grupo 2. Um olhar psicanalítico sobre os casos que receberam somente intervenção fonoaudiológica permitiria intervir junto aos pais, às crianças e à escola.

Cultura de segurança do paciente em serviços de alta complexidade no contexto da pandemia covid-19 / Safety culture in high complexity services in the context of the covid-19 pandemic / Cultura de la seguridad del paciente en los servicios de alta complejidad en el contexto de la pandemia de covid-19

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a cultura de segurança do paciente em unidades de alta complexidade de um hospital de ensino em tempos de pandemia. Método: delineamento transversal, realizado nas unidades de pronto atendimento e terapia intensiva em 2021. Utilizou-se o instrumento autoaplicável Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture com 103 profissionais da equipe multiprofissional. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e de consistência do instrumento. Resultados: apresentaram-se, como área forte para cultura de segurança do paciente, as dimensões de trabalho em equipe na unidade (79,5%) e expectativas e ações do supervisor/chefia para a promoção da segurança do paciente (73,6%), enquanto que nas áreas frágeis, destacaram-se as dimensões resposta não punitiva ao erro (37,9%) e transferências internas e passagem de plantão (31,8%). Observou-se predominância de subnotificações de eventos adversos (53,5%). Conclusão: setores críticos, mesmo durante a pandemia apresentaram áreas fortalecidas, embora o receio da punição e problemas quanto às transferências de informações tenham sido destacados pelos profissionais.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the patient safety culture in high complexity units of a teaching hospital in times of pandemic. Method: cross-sectional design, carried out in emergency and intensive care units in 2021. We used the self-administered instrument Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture with 103 professionals from the multi-professional team. Descriptive analyses and instrument consistency were performed. Results: the strongest areas for patient safety culture were the dimensions teamwork in the unit (79.5%) and expectations and actions of the supervisor/leadership to promote patient safety (73.6%). While the dimensions non-punitive response to error (37.9%) and internal transfers and shift change (31.8%) stood out in the weak areas. A predominance of adverse events underreporting was observed (53.5%). Conclusion: critical sectors, even during the pandemic, showed strengthened areas, although fear of punishment and problems regarding information transfers were highlighted by professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la cultura de seguridad del paciente en unidades de alta complejidad de un hospital universitario en tiempos de pandemia. Método: delineación transversal, realizada en unidades de atención inmediata y terapia intensiva en 2021. Se utilizó el instrumento autoaplicado Encuesta hospitalaria sobre cultura de seguridad del paciente con 103 profesionales del equipo multiprofesional. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y de consistencia de los instrumentos. Resultados: se presentaron como área fuerte para la cultura de seguridad del paciente las dimensiones del trabajo en equipo en la unidad (79,5%) y las expectativas y acciones del supervisor/chefia para la promoción de la seguridad del paciente (73,6%). Mientras que las dimensiones respuesta no punitiva al error (37,9%) y traslados internos y cambio de turno (31,8%) destacan como áreas débiles. Se observó un predominio de la subnotificación de eventos adversos (53,5%). Conclusión: los sectores críticos, incluso durante la pandemia, presentaron áreas reforzadas, aunque el miedo al castigo y los problemas de transferencia de información fueron destacados por los profesionales.

Consenso de escalas para um instrumento de avaliação interdisciplinar em saúde da população idosa / Consensus on scales for an interdisciplinary health assessment tool for the elderly population

RESUMO Objetivo descrever o consenso do conteúdo de um instrumento para avaliação assistencial interdisciplinar em saúde da população idosa. Métodos estudo de consenso realizado entre médicos, enfermeiros e assistentes sociais, contemplando a construção de um instrumento e o pré-teste para seleção de escalas para uso na prática. Questionário constituído por perguntas com identificação de escalas representativas na avaliação dos idosos. Consideraram-se selecionadas pelos peritos as escalas que obtiveram o critério de consenso igual ou superior a 75%. Amostra constituída mediante "bola de neve", resultando em 101 participantes. Resultados das 13 escalas submetidas, os profissionais apontaram oito passíveis de utilização e duas que aplicavam na sua prática. As escalas excluídas constituem parte integrante das recomendações de boas práticas na assistência aos idosos. Identificou-se discrepância entre o que consideram útil e de interesse versus o que aplicam na prática. Conclusão o consenso entre peritos permitiu identificar e selecionar dados de avaliação interdisciplinares para uma proposta de instrumento, com vistas a subsidiar o processo de cuidado. Contribuições para a prática contribui-se, assim, para a conscientização sobre o uso de escalas recomendadas para idosos e para evitar a sobreposição das mesmas intervenções por vários profissionais, com ganhos significativos para essa população.

ABSTRACT Objective to describe the consensus of the content of an instrument for assessing interdisciplinary health care of the elderly population. Methods consensus study conducted among physicians, nurses, and social workers, contemplating the construction of instrument and the pre-test for selection of scales for use in practice. Questionnaire consisting of questions that identified representative scales in the assessment of the elderly. The scales that obtained consensus criterion of equal to or greater than 75% were considered selected by the experts. Sample was composed through snowball sampling, resulting in 101 participants. Results of the 13 scales submitted, the professionals indicated that eight were suitable for use and two were already applied within their practice. The excluded became part of the recommendations for good practices in elderly care. A discrepancy was identified between what they consider to be useful and of interest versus what is applied in practice. Conclusion consensus among experts allowed us to identify and select interdisciplinary assessment data for a proposed instrument to support the care process. Contributions to practice this contributes to awareness about the use of recommended scales for the elderly and to avoid the overlapping of the same interventions by several professionals, with significant gains for this population.

Oral health care during pregnancy: current status and future perspectives / 中华围产医学杂志

Mounting evidence indicates that oral health during pregnancy is associated with pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the offspring. Pregnant women in China have a high prevalence of oral diseases, low attendance to oral health care, and an increased burden of untreated oral infectious diseases such as periodontitis and caries. A joint perinatal oral health program between obstetrics and stomatology may improve pregnant women's and their children's oral health outcomes. This paper briefly summarizes the current status of oral health care for pregnant women and the clinical practice in obstetrics and gynecology related to stomatology in China. It provides future perspectives on the potential role of obstetricians and gynecologists in promoting oral health care through developing an interdisciplinary care model.

Future developments and trends in refractive surgery / 中华实验眼科杂志

Refractive surgery is one of the important methods for refractive error correction, which include corneal refractive surgery and intraocular refractive surgery.In recent years, refractive surgery has a rapid development, and there is still development space and potential market demand.The clinical application of various new technologies has brought the refractive surgery to a new stage.The ultimate aim of refractive surgery is to pursue safer minimally invasive approaches and more customized correction for better visual quality.The new approaches including the guidance of corneal topography and wavefront aberration, the Q-value adjustment, Kappa angle adjustment, and customized corneal cross-linking during the surgery have been developed.The integration of various surgical approaches and research is also a new development direction.The combination with intelligent operation to improve the efficiency and accuracy of treatment seems to be one new direction, too.Ophthalmologists should pay attention to the current development and the possible future directions and trends of refractive surgery in China.

Visualization analysis on the research hotspots of doctoral dissertation of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences during 2008-2018 / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To reveal the research focus of doctoral dissertation of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences by information visualization.Methods:Based on the relevant documents from January 1st, 2008 to December 31st, 2018 retrieved by CNKI, through the methods of CiteSpace high-frequency word visualization analysis and co word clustering, the research focus was explored in three time segments, and comparative analysis was carried out.Results:A total of 1 918 literatures were included. The methodology research based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes, the application research of data mining technology, and the clinical research of TCM were identified by knowledge atlas as the research hotspots of academic dissertation of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from 2008 to 2018, with good continuity. The disease types of related researcheswere close to the clinical frontier, and the continuity of syndrome and treatment research of coronary heart disease were poor. The number of basic researches represented by TCM syndrome were always lower than that of clinical research. The diagnosis and treatment mode and modern research methods based on the combination of disease and syndrome and the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine were gradually deepening in the field of TCM.Conclusions:Interdisciplinary research is a hot topic in the dissertation research of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. The use of information visualization tools can provide reference for scientific and in-depth exploration of the research direction of TCM.

Characteristics Analysis on Science Fund Application and Suggestions for Development of Biomechanics / 医用生物力学

This paper introduces the application for National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) projects on mechanical sciences in the year 2021, analyses the characteristics of fund application in all branches of mechanics, especially biomechanics, points out some problems existing in fund application, and proposes several suggestions about the interdisciplinary research and development on biomechanics.

Limites e potencialidades na pesquisa com foco em grupo terapêutico transdisciplinar / Limits and potentialities in research focusing on a transdisciplinary therapeutic group: an experimental report

Objetivo: Descrever os efeitos da realização de um grupo terapêutico transdisciplinar, en-volvendo a Psicologia e a Fonoaudiologia, destinada a uma criança com deficiência in-telectual e sua família, bem como apresentar os aspectos burocráticos para a execução desse projeto de pesquisa em uma faculdade de pequeno porte.Método: foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva, com o relato de experiência do processo de tramitação do projeto até a execução dos grupos terapêuticos com uma criança com diagnóstico de deficiência intelectual e sua família, envolvendo profissionais e acadêmicas da Psicologia e da Fonoaudiologia. Resultados: Muitos desafios foram encontrados nesse percurso desde a elaboração do projeto até a captação dos participantes, entre eles o pouco engajamento da maioria das acadêmicas envolvidas e a interrupção do projeto devido à pandemia da COVID-19. Mesmo assim, alguns avanços foram percebidos na família, como busca por terapeuta ocupacional para auxiliar no caso e esforço para dar mais independência à crian-ça. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que a pesquisa ainda é pouco valorizada no Brasil em diferentes instâncias e que a realização de grupos terapêuticos transdisciplinares parece ser uma estratégia promissora na melhora da dinâmica familiar, na comunicação e na indepen-dência das pessoas com deficiência intelectual.

Aim:The aim was to describe the effects of a transdisciplinary therapeutic group, inclu-ding Psychology and Speech Pathology, with a child with an intellectual disability and her family. We also aimed to present the bureaucratic aspects faced to carry out this research in a small college. Method:Qualitative and descriptive research was conducted, with an experimental report on the whole project process and the implementation of therapeutic groups with a preteen diagnosed with intellectual disability and her family. The therapists were Psychology and Speech Therapy professionals and students. Results: Many challen-ges occurred in the process, such as: attracting participants, little engagement of students, and a project interruption due to the coronavirus pandemic. However, we were able to verify some progress; the family hired an occupational therapist to help them, for instance. They were also more engaged in promoting independence for the child.Conclusion: Re-search is underrated in Brazil, considering different places and situations. Implementing transdisciplinary groups can be a promising strategy for improving family relationships, communication, and independence of people with intellectual disabilities.